Following are some of the abnormalities or severe conditions that may lead a physician to advise a joint replacement to a patient.

Knee:  Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Gout, Pseudogout, Septic Arthritis, Knee Effusion, Anterior Cruciate Ligament, Posterior Cruciate Ligament, Medial Collateral Ligament, Patellar Subluxation, Patellar Tendonitis, Chondromalacia Patella

Hip: Severe Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Ankylosing Spondylitis, Bone fracture, Perthes’ Disease, Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis, Osteonecrosis

Shoulder: Rheumatoid arthritis, Osteoarthritis, Post-traumatic arthritis, Frozen shoulder, Rotator Cuff Conditions, Dislocations, Fractures, Shoulder Instability, Shoulder Separation, Avascular Necrosis

Elbow: Elbow Bursitis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Synovium, Tendon Tear, Fractures and dislocation, Tennis Elbow

Ankle: Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Post-traumatic arthritis, Fractures

Wrist: Tendinitis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome

Diagnostic reports, such as those from blood tests, X-Rays, CT Scans, MRIs, etc provide us with a picture of the surgeries that need to be performed to enable the patient to perform his normal chores.

Bone mass in the joints can be replaced by such surgeries. The surgery could involve a total or a partial replacement based on how much of the degenerated bone mass has been removed.

The replacement is usually done with a prosthetic such as metal, cement or ceramic. Sometimes, bone grafting (replacement of the bone with a bone mass taken from the tight or hip of the same patient or from a donor) is performed for the purpose.

Based on the size of the bone or muscle affected by the injury or disease, surgery can be performed in an open method (where an incision is made to cut and replace the bone or muscle) or laparoscopic method which is done with minimal invasion.

Prosthetic Implants

The material of the implants (metal, plastic, ceramic, etc)  that would replace the original bone mass is chosen and advised by the doctor based on the weight, height, age and physical activities carried out by the patient in his daily life.